The Vast Ocean

Almost three quarters of the Earth comprises of water. Oceans are the largest water bodies with billions of tons of salty water. Under its vast surface, lies an infinite species of flora and fauna. From the aggressive shark to the shy ray, from huge blue whales to millions of tiny fish and of course, the beautiful gardens of coral, the ocean is home to all.

There are five oceans that are universally acknowledged, the largest being the Pacific Ocean, which separates Asia from the Americas. The others are the Atlantic Ocean, which separates Americas from Europe and Africa, the Indian Ocean, which separates Africa from India and India from Australia and the Arctic Ocean, which borders the Northern continents and encompasses the far north. Last of all, the Southern Ocean (recognised since 2000), surrounds Antarctica, extending to 60 deg S. Oceans have a great impact on the life on earth. It affects the biosphere significantly. Oceanic evaporation is the source of most rainfall. Oceanic temperature determines the climate and wind patterns which affect life on land. While the ocean harbours infinite forms of life, its border with land is crucial for the survival of a many species. Oceans connect all land masses, making travel across the world possible. Before aeroplanes, this was the only form of travel to faraway lands. Even today, goods are transported across the world through shipping. The fishing industry which sustains a major population would not be possible without the large oceans.

Many parts of the ocean remain to be explored. Many amazing animals and plants are waiting to be discovered. Oceans are a vast resource of food, medicine and raw materials. They also aid recreation and tourism. They determine the nature of our planet. Since the Oceans play such an important role in our eco systems we must take good care of it. Polluting oceans and depleting the abundant resources it provides can prove detrimental to life on our planet.

Questions

• Name the five oceans.
• How do the Oceans benefit humans?